本論文包含了三篇個體經濟之研究。除第一篇文章為教育經濟學之研究，第二與第三篇文章皆為健康經濟學之研究。
本論文第一篇文章係利用1996年至2010年間的大學考生資料，探討台灣男女生就讀各學科領域之變化趨勢，並分析其中之影響因子。研究結果顯示，台灣近15年間學科領域屬性及男女生就讀之學科領域，皆呈現穩定之趨勢。進一步分析男女生學科領域選擇偏好之影響因子，發現學科成績、出生背景、父母親教育程度，及高中是否就讀單性別高中，皆對男女生的學科領域選擇具顯著之影響。
第二篇文章係利用花蓮縣長期照顧管理中心所執行「103年度花蓮縣長期照顧服務滿意度調查」之普查資料，探討家庭主要照顧者整體生活品質感受之影響因素，並估算其貨幣價值。本文研究結果顯示，男性、年齡較輕、教育程度較低，與患有慢性病的主要照顧者，他們的整體生活品質感受較低。另外，隨著主要照顧者每日照顧時間與月收入的增加，亦對整體生活品質感受有顯著的負向影響。分析家庭主要照顧者每小時之貨幣價值，各項模擬之結果顯示，在維持家庭主要照顧者生活感受不變之情況下，若多增加一個小時的照顧時間所需補償之金額約為138元至392元。
最後一篇文章則係探討不同類型戒菸動機與吸菸者戒菸成功之相關性。我們使用2002年之台灣地區國民健康促進知識、態度與行為調查，並透過兩階段模型來檢視不同戒菸動機對戒菸結果之影響。發現雖然環境壓力與吸菸者之自我動機均會使吸菸者嘗試戒菸，但唯有在吸菸者具有自我戒菸動機之情況下，戒菸才得以成功。

This dissertation consists of three essays on Applied Microeconomics. The first essay contributes to education economics, and the second and third essays contribute to health economics.
The first chapter addresses the question of how college majors are chosen, focusing on the underlying gender gap. Using the College and University Joint Entrance Examination files, covering the years from 1996 to 2010, which is a unique data set in Taiwan, female and male students’ major choices are analyzed by multinomial logit regression. Our results demonstrated that the test items on the General Scholastic Ability Test (GSAT), parents’ education level, students’ birth weight, and single-gender education environment are important determinants in the choice for both genders.
The second chapter estimates the monetary value of the loss of well-being by primary informal caregivers who provide long-term care to their family members. We used the well-being valuation method to assess the monetary value necessary to maintain the same level of well-being when primary family caregivers are asked to provide an extra hour of care. Data from a survey on primary family caregivers of long-term care in Hualien were used for analyses. Caregivers who were young and male with a low-level education, high income, chronic diseases, and who provided care of longer duration were negatively associated with the well-being of the primary family caregivers. The average number of hours of care per day was 10 hours. The results indicate that an extra hour of informal care is worth approximately NT 138~392.
The last chapter, we set out to contribute to public policy discussions on the addictive behavior of smokers. We follow the ‘double-hurdle’ approach; considering the differences between the predictors of motivating attempts to stop smoking and the predictors of subsequent success in maintaining their non-smoking lifestyle. There are two broad categories of motivations encouraging smokers to attempt to kick the habit; these are: (i) social pressures and (ii) the self- determined. Although those social pressures appear to encourage smokers to try to stop smoking, the real success stories are found only among people who are truly determined to stop smoking.

臺灣男女生高等教育學科領域選擇之變遷與影響因子分析 1
摘要 1
1.前言 3
2.文獻探討 7
3.資料來源與男女生學科領域選擇偏好趨勢 17
4.實證策略與估計結果 19
5.結論 27
參考文獻 31

家庭主要照顧者整體生活品質感受之影響因素與貨幣價值探討 49
摘要 49
1.前言 51
2.文獻探討 53
3.資料來源與研究方法 57
4.估計結果 61
5.討論 63
參考文獻 69

吸菸者戒菸動機對其戒菸成效之影響 77
摘要 77
1.前言 79
2.文獻探討 81
3.資料來源與研究方法 85
4.估計結果 89
5.討論 91
6.結論 93
參考文獻 97

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